Taking a Look at Phenomenal Consciousness - 1020 Words

Phenomenal consciousness is defined as simply the raw experiences that we have. These experiences can be hearing sounds, seeing colors, feeling emotions and sensing sensations. Throughout this course we’ve been introduced to different types of phenomenal consciousness as defined by different philosophers. The philosophers and authors we’ve discussed have provided several different views, some of which coincide with each other and some even disagree with one another. In philosophical terms, dualism is the idea that something can exist with two different components. Rene Descartes, a philosopher in the 16th century, took this idea of dualism and proposed that the mind and the body are two different things, separate entities. Although they are separate entities, they indeed work together to carry out bodily functions and processes. Descartes believed that all material things occupied space and cannot share the same space with other material things. Thus, he concluded that the body takes up space and is a material object. The mind, however, along with emotions and beliefs, were not material things because they did not take up physical space, cannot be measured and do not have dimensions. He concluded that they were not material substances. The mind, which is not physically part of the body, is thought of as being conscious and aware, unlike the brain, which is part of a physical body and does not have such feelings asShow MoreRelated Consciousness a nd the Placebo Effect Essay1741 Words   |  7 PagesConsciousness and the Placebo Effect In controlled studies, experimenters use placebos as medium to compare the efficacy of a drug. Double-blind controlled studies provide information on whether a drug is effective or if it is not better than placebo. The results of double-blind studies usually depict the latter. Rarely are drugs found to be significantly more effective than placebo because of the placebo effect. The phenomenal effectiveness of the placebo in controlled experiments is mindRead MoreLife Is All About Taking Risks1276 Words   |  6 Pages Life is all about taking risks. However, there is a fine line between risk taking and playing it safe. When a certain activity becomes dangerous to the health of a body, it is time to step back and evaluate. The human skull can protect your brain to a certain extent, but concussions occur when there is significant impact to the head without protection to shield it from the blow. Concussions are a dangerous risk factor that affect most teenagers involved with sports that call for physical contactRead MoreThe Performance At The Harris Theatre859 Words   |  4 Pagescaptivated at first. The atmosphere was set entirely in sync with the opening performance. The music built at the right moments, the lighting and effects were phenomenal as well as the costume. I found the dance itself very intriguing, because I had never seen someone dance so elegantly with such an oversized dress. The performer made it looks so effortless and simply beautiful. As it progressed I found myself getting bored with all the repetitiveness included in the dance. The beautiful flowing dressRead MoreThroughout History, The Roles Of Genders Have Acted In1250 Words   |  5 Pagesreader would expect. The male leads in this book challenge each other for the attention of the female lead, Lady Brett Ashley. Even though Brett has insecurities of her own, she brings out tension from those around her as well as surfacing the self consciousness of others.Robert Cohn, Jake Barnes, and Mike Campbell exhibit strong emotions towards Brett that creates chaos in each of their minds. Towards the end of the novel, all the characters come to realize the hollowness in their emotions. As the charactersRead MoreNeoplatonism in Shakespeare and its Effect on Modern Literature2100 Words   |  9 PagesNeoplatonism in Shakespeare and its Effect on Modern Literature Few writers have managed to enter the world-wide public consciousness as well as Shakespeare; everyone knows his name and can terribly misquote his plays. Yet, for all his popularity, many of his critics have called him unlearned, saying his plays are entertaining but shallow. These same critics often point at the many inconsistencies of his writing, claiming that Shakespeare was not trying to convey anything but witticisms and beautifulRead MoreA Pragmatic View of Jean Watson’s Caring Theory6976 Words   |  28 Pagesvocabulary, meaning to cherish and to give special loving attention. The following are Watson’s (2001) translation of the carative factors into clinical caritas processes: Practice of loving kindness and equanimity within context of caring consciousness. Being authentically present, and enabling and sustaining the deep belief system and subjective life world of self and the one-being-cared-for. Cultivation of one’s own spiritual practices and transpersonal self, going beyond ego self, openingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Dream Of The Rood 1727 Words   |  7 Pagesindividual belief. It takes much value to bite the dust for your convictions and that is precisely what Jesus and Beowulf do. In Beowulf the general population of the Old English time frame thought to him to be a legend. To them, men who remained phenomenal warriors were perceived to be saints. All through the poem Beowulf is defined commonly as being The most grounded of all men to have ever appear the light of life on earth(778-779). Beowulf portrays his solid bravery by retelling one of his fightsRead MoreSelf and Consciousness Essay examples4457 Words   |  18 Pagesï » ¿Zeman’s (brain science) 3 institutions ïÆ'   get main points and conclusion for test Consciousness is robust (real enough) to deserve explanation Consciousness as sea in which we swim Consciousness is bound up with our physical being – specifically the brain Consciousness matters (makes a difference) Is consciousness real? Is it worth studying? Start out as intuitions that we have experiences of consciousness How/ why does it matter to sociologists? Is it part of the self? Does it encompassRead More It’s All in the Mind Essay2592 Words   |  11 Pagesif mental events are taken to be properties of brain events then ultimately we are forced back to look to the physical for the explanation of the mental. This will get us nowhere for two reasons. Firstly, a close inspection of a brain is doomed to be carried out at the third person perspective. If I could look at the bits of my own brain involved in any mental act I would register the firings taking place and say,†Ah that’s the redness of red!† I would still be unable to convey to anyone else theRead More Comparing Zolines Heat Death of the Universe and Calvinos Cosmicomics5021 Words   |  21 Pageswhat am I? What is the origin of I? Where am I going? The answers to these difficult questions, whether intellectually satisfying or not, come in the form of cosmologies. Cosmologies create systems with which we understand the existence of the phenomenal world, and our own existence within it. They offer us a map, a concept, of our existence, tell us why we are here, where we are, and most often, where we are going. Of course, the most pervasive cosmologies are directly linked with particular religions

He Was Subsequently Denied From All Academic Positions

He was subsequently denied from all academic positions due to the recommendation and was quoted saying â€Å"I would have found a job long ago if Weber had not played a dishonest game with me†. This was also the point in his life where his relationship with a girl named Maric deepened and despite his parents protest of her Serbian background he defied them and stayed with her. Without a job and the financial means he couldn’t marry her and support a family, his father s business had also gone bankrupt so he couldn’t get outside support. Einstein took tutoring jobs but was even fired from those. Later in the year of 1902 things changed for Einstein, a lifelong friend’s father recommended him to a position as clerk for the Swiss Patent Office.†¦show more content†¦The only thing Einstein credits his discovery of the theory to was conversations he had with a friend named Besso. The physics community wasn’t welcoming to Einstein s new theory an d for a while his papers were ignored to never be picked up again until they received the attention of one physicist. This physicist was Max Planck who was the founder of the quantum theory, proved Einstein s theories to be correct and he was invited to lecture at international meetings. Through these meetings Einstein’s fame began to spread and he was being offered positions from prestigious institutions. He took one at the University of Berlin where he served as director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics from the year 1913 until 1933. Throughout all of this his marriage fell apart due to an affair Einstein had and him and Maric finally divorced in 1919 where he agreed to give her the money he might earn if he ever won the nobel prize. One thing that haunted Einstein was the fact that his own theory was flawed. He mad no mention of gravity, for the next ten years he would be consumed by creating a theory of gravity in relativity to the curvature of spacetime. In 1915 he finally developed the general theory of relativity which in Einstein’s eyes was hisShow MoreRelatedOn April 4Th 1967, Herbert Norman Canadian Ambassador To1586 Words   |  7 Pagesdecision, when he jumped to his death from the 9th floor of the Wadi el Nil Building in Cairo. Within the Canadian government Herbert Norman was a celebrated and deeply trusted member of Foreign Relations. However, an unearthing of Norman s past, from his years at Cambridge and Harvard, would reveal close relationships with intellectual Marxists and Communists. These allegations would immediately spark American attention amidst the Cold War hysteria of McCarthyism. Herbert Norman was labeled and investigatedRead MoreThe Impeachment Case1589 Words   |  7 Pages Judiciary, a branch of government not usually thrown political intrigue. Impeachment, which forms part of our constitutional system of checks and balances, originated in England and was later adopted by American colonial governments. We subsequently adopted this concept, among numerous others, in our own Constitution. Academic studies show that, historically speaking, impeachment has been used as a powerful instrument of divided politics. An impeachment puts into question the legality of a leader andRead MoreThe Decision Of The Student Awards Agency For Scotland1653 Words   |  7 PagesIn this case the Petitioner was a mature student who challenged her refusal of a student loan and asks for a Judicial Review against the decision of the Student Awards Agency for Scotland (â€Å"SAAS†).MS Elizabeth Hunter (56) was refused a student loan on the grounds of the age limit which was set (55) years under Regulations of 2007 (â€Å"2007 Regulations†) reg.3 (2) (b) (ii) . Which says â€Å"aged 50 or over and under the age of 55 on that day and Scottish Ministers are satisfied that person intends to enterRead MoreEssay about The Equal Opportunity Employer Law and Discrimination1511 Words   |  7 Pages color, religion, or sex. However, some jobs do bombard you about your beliefs. For instance, when 9/11 happened the Islamic nation all became ridiculed where ever they went. If you look at that from a relativism point of view they were all being grouped in because of the mishap of 2 or 3 people who happened to be Islamic. In that case it is unfair, because not all Islamic religions support killing, and suicide bombing. The first amendment gives everyone the freedom of religion, expression, and speechRead MoreThe History of Dance in Canada Essay1425 Words   |  6 Pagesexpressive movements of the body. It is the grace, artistry, and classicality and precision that distinguishes ballet from other dance styles. People have danced for many different reasons such a religious, entertainment, tribal rituals, exercise or to simply to express something that cannot find voice in words. For as long as people inhabited Canada, there has been dance and it has subsequently played a role throughout Canadian history. In Canada dance history began with indigenous dance of First NationsRead MoreA Study On Scheduled Caste Students During Accessing Higher Education Essay3877 Words   |  16 Pagesrightl y brings up, advanced education is still fundamentally open to the higher ranks. (Shah 1960) Large areas of the populace fitting in with the lower stations were denied training furthermore get to high salary yielding and force conferring occupations. Consequently, in India, standing has been the determinant of class position bringing about intense imbalance in the conveyance of riches and earnings. (Mehta and Kapoor 1998:37) The obtaining of instructive capabilities has arrived at the foreRead MoreLegal Expert Paper : Affirmative Action1800 Words   |  8 Pages Pickard Columbia College Affirmative action is an outcome of the 1960 s Civil Rights Movement, intended to provide equal opportunities for members of minority groups and women in education and employment. In March1961, President Kennedy was the first to use the term affirmative action in an Executive Order that directed government contractors to take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed and those employees are treated equally during employment, without regard toRead MorePersonal Struggles And The Supreme Court Justice2271 Words   |  10 PagesThe main purpose of Thomas writing this book was to show his personal struggles, both internal and external, that shaped him into the Supreme Court justice that we see today. Clarence Thomas had a difficult childhood, having been abandoned by his father then subsequently given up to his grandparents by his mother, who was unable to raise him and his brother Myers. His grandfather, who he called Daddy, was able to give the boys more material comfor t than they had ever known while under the careRead MoreSteinberg V the Chicago Medical School3234 Words   |  13 PagesChicago Medical School, as a first-year student for the academic year 1974--75 and paid an application fee of $15. The Chicago Medical School is a private, not-for-profit educational institution, incorporated in the State of Illinois. His application for admission was rejected and Steinberg filed a class action against the school, claiming that it had failed to evaluate his application and those of other applicants according to the academic entrance criteria printed in the school s bulletin. SpecificallyRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Dystopian Classic, 19841878 Words   |  8 PagesGeorge Orwell’s dystopian classic, 1984, was the memory hole; a censoring garbage chute in which all documents deemed unacceptable, inconvenient, or even embarrassing by Big Brother went down to be destroyed. The people in power were able to control the past, present, and future usin g the memory hole to create a history as they wished it to be. Although this novel was fictional, the reality of 1984 is not too far from our own. Orwell’s central quote of the novel was â€Å"Who controls the past, controls the

Slavery The State Of Being A Slave - 1195 Words

A.) Slavery is defined as the state of being a slave, or the condition of being owned by another person and being forced to work. B.) Slavery has been going on for a very long time. It has been going on over seas and started in the US around 1619, in the colony of Jamestown, Virginia. The Slaves during that time were used to help the fields and crops such as cotton and tobacco. C.) However, slavery began long before that time. In the sixteenth century Europe traded slaves around the world. The Dutch imported slaves from Asia in to a colony in South Africa. Europe’s economy grew as they continued to sell these people around the world. D.) There are five types of slavery which include. Forced labor, bonded/debit labor, sex slavery, child slavery, and domestic servitude. E.) Although slavery is abolished in the US, there are still places all over the world with slavery. F.) Slavery is a plague that the world had throughout earlier centuries and even though it is less abundant now, it is still a problem. Paragraph Two: Address the past A.) In the colony of Jamestown, Virginia, colonists needed cheap labor to produce quantities of cotton and tobacco. It was the year 1619 where slaves were first brought in to America. B.) In the years following 1525 through 1866 12.5 million African slaves were shipped across the Atlantic into the new world. Out of that many, however, only about 10.7 million survived. C.) While slaves helped to build the united nation to what it was,Show MoreRelatedSlavery During The American Revolution Essay1523 Words   |  7 PagesSlavery was held out until 1865, but during this time period abolitionist are trying to do anything to stop slavery. The reason being is because slavery wasn’t slavery anymore. Slavery was beginning to become more advance due to technological innovation. The Abolitionist are people that were against slavery and would boycott anything to get rid of slavery. The argument that the Abolitionist had during this time period was its conditions as violating Christian’s principals and rights to equalityRead MoreSecession Of The United States1745 Words   |  7 PagesEleven states in the south came to the conclusion that secession was the best way to escape the oppressive government. All of these southern states were justified as they felt that they were not being properly represented in the government and were seen as a joke. They were not taken seriously and they felt that since their votes didn’t matter anyway that their place in the union also didn’t matter. A large reason for the south’s secession revolves around the idea of slavery. All the south wantedRead MoreEffects of Slavery on America1594 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Slavery on American History Andrew Avila US History 1301 Dr. Raley April 18, 2013 The U.S. Constitution is primarily based on compromise between larger and smaller states, and more importantly, between northern and southern states. One major issue of the northern and southern states throughout American history is the topic of slavery. Although agreements such as the Three-Fifths Compromise in 1787, and the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865 were adapted to reduce and outlawRead MoreSlavery And The United States872 Words   |  4 PagesRevolution, slavery and discussion on whether it should be implemented or illegal dominated the development of the United States. These different views on slavery were the main reason for the Civil War and there is no argument about it. Without slavery, it would not have happened only because there was continuous bickering back and forth. Slavery is a major issue and faced the states, both the North and South wanted to do what they could to either protect or protest what they believed in. The slave stateRead MoreMajor Themes Of Us History During Slavery Essay1607 Words   |  7 PagesHistory During Slavery During creation, God made man and gave him the free will to do and act according to as he pleases as long as it is in agreement with His teachings. Fellow human beings could not have control over their fellow men because it was against God’s will. A state whereby one person has absolute power over another and controls his life, liberty, and fortune is known as slavery. The history of slavery dates back to creation times where the Israelites were taken as slaves by the EgyptiansRead MoreThe Slavery Of Slavery And Slavery944 Words   |  4 Pagescondemn slavery. The South also used religion as their argument, but instead, they used the Bible to argue that slavery was an acceptable part of life. People have questioned whether it was right or wrong of the South to use the bible to support their beliefs in slavery. Some would say that pro-slavery southerners had every right to use the Bible to support their beliefs. When Northerners began to use the Bible against slavery, southerners used this same argument to support it. Slavery was a practiceRead MoreSlavery in Sparta vs. Slavery in Athens Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesSlavery has been a major component of human civilization all throughout history. People turn to slavery for many reasons, such as fear of different ethnicities and fear that these new foreign people will take over land that is not theirs. The conditions under which slaves work and live varies greatly by the time and location of which the slaves lived. Slaves play a major role in their society and contribute greatly to their communities, often forming one of the largest masses of the population. ThoughRead MoreFrederick Douglass Process Essay1012 Words   |  4 PagesDouglass Process Essay Slavery has always been one of the most, if not the most, shocking phenomenons of our world. Slavery, by itself seems very unnatural and entices mixed feelings various different people especially in our country during the 1800s which had been divided into the north and south due to this controversial issue. In the north, for the most part, people had believed that slaves had the right to be free and slavery was unjust which is why it was abolished in 1804. This differed fromRead MoreSlavery Was A Part Of Many Societies And Nations Around The World1401 Words   |  6 Pages Slavery was a part of many societies and nations around the world in times past. There was slavery in North America before the United States was established. However, the United States continued the practice until the Civil War in the mid-1800s. Before the Civil War, slavery and descendants of slaves were much of the backbone and strength of the society and economy of the United States. Slavery really fully devel oped during the colonial times; boomed in the South during the antebellum times; andRead MoreThe Great Awakening Of The Antebellum Period1524 Words   |  7 Pages(Lapsansky-Werner). With the growing cotton plantation in the south, more slaves were needed and more slaves needed to escape (Antebellum Period.). While the Antebellum Period brought the Second Great Awakening and Westward Expansion, it is also known for the uprising of abolition and anti versus pro slavery arguments (Antebellum Period.). The antebellum period was overall a pivotal point in slavery and slave laws with laws like the fugitive slave act of 1851 and the Compromise of 1850 or rebellions like the

Attachment Theory The Way Infants And Children Form...

Attachment theory proposes that the way infants and children form bonds with their primary caregiver have lifelong implications as to how they may form bonds with others, including their own children. This bonding is created through affectionate gestures, the ability to rely on the caregiver’s availability and willingness to fulfill the needs of the child, and the general feeling of safety when in the proximity of the caregiver. While the attachments begin as an infant they are malleable throughout life, and easier to form or transform the younger a person is (Strengths-Based Generalist Practice A Collaborative Approach, Poulin, 2010, pp. 580-581).Victoria was in foster care from birth and had not received the ideal responses required of her caregiver. In the case of Victoria she was relocated from placement to placement often, and experienced a variety of abuses and neglect, these characteristics are indicative of someone with an avoidant attachment style. Attachments ma y become avoidant resulting in the child’s reluctance to put themselves in a position to be forsaken repeatedly by the unapproachability of the caregiver (Dimensions of Human Behavior Person and Environment, Hutchison, 2015, p. 150). Victoria exemplifies this repeatedly throughout the book in the fact that she refuses to rely on any caregiver, in the specific case of her placement with Elizabeth she refuses to believe that there would be any permanency. â€Å"I did not believe there to be even theShow MoreRelated The Development of Attachment Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pageschild development is the relationship of the child with their primary caregiver. This is a tenet of developmental psychology known as attachment theory. John Bowlby, the creator of this theory, wanted to examine how early childhood experiences influence personality development. Attachment theory specifically examines infant’s reactions to being separated from their primary caregiver. Bowlby h ypothesized that the differences in how children react to these situations demonstrates basic behavioral differencesRead MoreBowlby s Evolutionary Theory Of Attachment1497 Words   |  6 PagesBowlby defined attachment as â€Å"a lasting psychological integration bounded by human beings† (Bowlby, 1969, p.194). However, attachment can also be described as a strong, mutual, emotional connection or relationship formed between two people, mostly between infant and its caregiver. According to Macoby (1988) attachment has four key characteristics which are: proximity; where an infant always want to stay near the attached caregiver. Separation anxiety; is when the infant is distressed when separatedRead MoreThe Development of Attachment Essay1435 Words   |  6 PagesThe Development of Attachment 1. Outline the development of attachment According to Shaffer, the development of attachment can be divided into four main phases. Other researchers have then added two additional stages to this original theory.  · Pre Attachment Phase – from birth to 3 months. From 6 weeks the baby develops an attraction to other humans, especially adults in preference to other objects. This can be illustrated through social behavioursRead MoreBowlby : The Father Of Attachment Theory1503 Words   |  7 Pagesconsidered to be the Father of Attachment Theory. He believed infants have a biological predisposition to form attachments with others because they depend on others to fulfill their needs for survival. He also believed attachment instinct could be activated by various threats, such as fear and separatism. This instinct is activated because primary caregivers allow infants to develop a sense of security and secure base for the infants to explore the world. The attachment theory developed when Bowlby soughtRead MoreThe Theory Of Attachment Theory1421 Words   |  6 Pages There are a lot of close relationship theory that are studied in social psychology but one of the main theory is attachment theory. This theory not only provides a framework for understanding emotional reactions in infants but also in love, loneliness, and grief in adults. In adults there are attachment styles that are a type of working model that explains certain behaviors that are developed at infancy and childhood. An infant requires two basic attitudes during their earliest interactionsRead MoreEffects Of Maternal Separation On Children s Development1397 Words   |  6 PagesThe bond that a child and their parents or caregivers form plays a vital role in the child’s life. Studies were performed by John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth to observe the effects that maternal separation had on the child’s development. The hypothesis they formed based off their observations became known as the attachment theory. The attachment theory came about on the core principle that â₠¬Å"children brought up with consistent, loving parents or significant, reliable caregivers can develop a foundationRead MoreThe Dependency Relationship A Child Develops With Her Primary Caregivers1452 Words   |  6 PagesAttachment is a term used to describe the dependency relationship a child develops towards his or her primary caregivers. It is first observable during the latter half of the first year of life and develops progressively over the first four years of life. It is most readily observed in the behavior of children when they are sick, injured, tired, anxious, hungry or thirsty. Although early attachment research focused on the mother and infant, it is now generally accepted that children develop multipleRead MoreModifications of Bowlbys Attachment Theory Essay1724 Words   |  7 PagesModifications of Bowlbys Attachment Theory Bowlbys original theory of attachment was concerned with the bonding relationship that develops between an infant and his primary caregiver. He believed the process of bonding to have a biological basis as the genes of those infants who successfully sought the protection of a caregiver (from predators and other dangers) will have survived and been passed on. Bowlby also formulated the Maternal Deprivation hypothesis (1953)Read MoreThe Support Influence On Development Of Insufficient Parental Care1733 Words   |  7 Pagesdistress of young children separated from their primary caregivers. (Barth, 2005) The quality of early attachment relationships is correlated with future personality and brain development. â€Å"The Attachment Theory is a foundation theory, developed by Bowlby. It focusses on the form, quality, and strengths of human attachments made in early life and their effects on development in pro social behaviors† (Tuner, 2011, p.30). Practitioners have found that the importance of forming a bond with a child fromRead MoreErik Eriksons Attachment Theory Essay836 Words   |  4 Pagesat a disadvantaged for the future. During the first couple challenges, Erikson believed that the caregiver has a great impact on a child’s development (Romero). According to Erik Erickson, in the first year of a child’s life, the main challenge is to establish trust. After birth, an infant must depend completely on others to fulfill their needs. To create a safe environment for the baby, a caregiver must provide things like food, love, and safety. Overall, if the child’s needs are met, the child

Piaget’s Developmental Theory Free Essays

1.ABSTRACT The main aim of this research was to test Piaget’s developmental theory on children within the pre-operational stage. Piaget claimed that children aged 2 – 7 are unable to make appearance and reality distinctions of liquids, mass and numbers, while some other theorists claim that with the appropriate wording and concept, children would perform better in these experiments. We will write a custom essay sample on Piaget’s Developmental Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore this research aimed to verify that assertion by carrying out a conservation of liquid experiment with a six-year-old child. Two glasses filled to the same extent with Ribena were presented to The Child. One of the glasses was then poured into a shorter and wider bowl. The child reported that the liquid content in the cup was ‘bigger’ than that in the bowl, because its contents were ‘taller’. The questions and procedure were handled in an age appropriate manner, as illustrating by Donaldson and McGarrigle, however The Child’s response does verify Piaget’s theory on the pre-operational child’s inability to conserve. 2.INTRODUCTION Jean Piaget has been attributed as the father of cognitive development. His belief was that a child’s cognitive development influences their social and emotional development. He proposed several principles regarding child development that has influenced substantial research on child psychology (Smith et al, 2003). Piaget proposed that cognitive development of humans is based on their ability to adapt and learn from the environment through assimilation and accommodation (Piaget, 1952). This process in children is based on developmental stages, which is in turn dependent on the age of the child (Schaffer and Kipp, 2009). He proposed four cognitive development stages in children: such as the sensori – motor period (children of age 0-2), preoperational period (children of age 2 to 7), the concrete operations age (children aged 7 to 11 years) and the formal operations stage (children aged 11 or 12 and above). The pre-operational period of a child’s development is that stage at which children are able to relate to objects symbolically (Piaget, 2001). Piaget asserts that the thinking of 2 – 7 year olds is animistic, egocentric and characterised by centration. They are able to reason about objects and events based on their symbolic representation (Damon and Lerner, 2006). However Piaget (2001) asserts that children of this age range are unable to make appearance and reality distinctions of these objects. Therefore if the appearance of two similar objects (number, mass or liquid) has been changed, the child would be unable to deduce this logically (Schaffer and Kipp, 2009). This occurrence is attributed to their inability to conserve, which refers to a person’s understanding that superficial changes in appearance do not reflect change in quantity (Damon and Lerner, 2006). Pre-operational children lack the thought process required to apply principles of compensation and r eversibility and therefore have difficulty in conservation tasks (Piaget, 2001). Though Horowitz (1987), amongst other theorists, has verified the authenticity of this theory, Vygotsky’s (1978) emphasis on the socio-cultural affect on childhood development portrays that cognitive development cannot be viewed in isolation. This view is supported by Damon and Lerner (2006) who discovered that cognitive development of children in various parts of the world differs significantly. Donaldson and McGarrigle (1978) found that children’s responses to Piaget’s experiments improved by up to 48% when the wording and context were changed. Even slight variations in the wording could help clarify the meaning of the question, and can have positive effects on the child’s performance (Locke and Ciechalski, 1995). The major objective of this research is therefore to ascertain the effect of wording on a pre-operational research carried out with a 6-year-old child. Would a variation in the wording and context of the experiment result in a different response from a child in the pre-operational stage? 3.METHODOLOGY This research would be adopting a deductive approach to answering the research question. Existing theories have been reviewed, which would then form the basis of this research that aims to verify or discredit such assumptions (Horowitz, 1987). a. Participants This research was carried out with a 6-year-old male. He is from xxx origin, class, school, hobbies and activities. He is well averse in English language and can communicate effectively. b. Material The conservation of quantity experiment was utilised in this research. The materials present were two empty glasses (measuring 30ml, 5cm long and were conical in shape), one clear plastic bowl (square in shape and measuring 5 cm square, 2 cm long) and a jar of diluted Ribena, which were all set on a dining table. Two chairs were present, with the child sitting opposite the researcher. c. Ethics The participant utilised in this research, is the researcher’s child. The child’s permission was sought without interfering with his playtime with friends, eating time or homework time, thereby removing any obstacles that would have prevented the child’s full attention. The procedure was explained thoroughly to the child, the researcher confirmed that the child fully understood what was going to happen before the experiment commenced. The Child’s identity has been protected in this researcher, by referring to him as ‘The Child’. d. Design This experiment was designed to replicate Piaget’s conservation of quantity experiment as depicted in Piaget (1952). The procedures, materials and participants are to a considerable extent, a replication of Piaget’s experiments. e. Procedure The replication of Piaget’s experiment followed the following sequence. The two glasses, one bowl and Ribena jar were placed in the middle of the table. The Child was invited over and talked through the whole procedure. Consent was sought from the child, in that he wanted to participate and understood the procedure and what was required of him. Equal portions of Ribena were poured into both glass cups. The child was asked if the quantity in both glass cups were the same. Then the Ribena in one of the cups was poured into the square plastic (shorter and wider). The child was asked again if he thought the quantity in the glass and the bowl were the same. The responses derived from the child were recorded and the experiment was concluded. 4.Results The following conversation ensued during the experiment: – Researcher: â€Å"I am going to pour Ribena into these two cups for you and your brother. I want to give you the same amount† – Child consents and nods head. Researcher pours equal quantity into both glass cups. – Researcher: â€Å"Do you think the Ribena in the two cups are the same amount, or are they different?† – Child examines content in both cups. – The Child: â€Å"They are the same amount mummy.† – Researcher: â€Å"OK, but this one cup does not look clean, let me pour the Ribena into that bowl.† Pours contents in one of the glass cups into the bowl. – Researcher: â€Å"Is that OK, would you like the one in the bowl or the one in the cup?† – Child examines content of the glass cup and bowl. – The Child: â€Å"I would like the one in the cup†. – Researcher: â€Å"WhyAre they different?† – The Child: â€Å"The one in the cup is bigger mummy, that’s why I want it.† Child has mischievous look on face, like he has done something really smart. – Researcher: â€Å"OK, I would give you, but why do you think the one in the glass is bigger† – The Child: â€Å"Because it looks taller, and the one in the bowl looks shorter. I want the one in the glass cup.† 5.Discussion The major objective of this research was to ascertain whether a change in the wording or context of the experiment would result in any significant difference in response from the participant, with respect to Piaget’s conservation experiment of liquids for children in the pre-operational developmental stage. Piaget claimed that children in this stage were unable to distinguish between the same quantities of liquids that had been poured right in front of them into glasses with different shapes (Piaget, 1952). However Donaldson and McGarrigle (1974) recorded better results in kids when the wording of the experiment and context were more ‘child friendly’. The experiment was therefore carried out with a 6-year-old kid, and the materials and language utilised were those that the child were familiar with and had a keen interest in (in this case – a bigger share of Ribena fruit juice). The child reported that the quantities of Ribena in the conical shaped glass cup, and square shaped plastic bowl, were indeed different, and that he wanted the glass cup because that was ‘bigger’, even though he saw the researcher pour the contents of the other glass cup into the shorter and wider bowl. When asked to expatiate on the reason why he thought the contents of the glass cup were bigger, he attributed it to the contents being ‘taller’. The child did not seem to understand that though the contents had been poured into a shorter and wider bowl, the contents of the liquid had not changed; it was only the width of the bowl that made the liquid lose height. These findings conform to Piaget’s (1952) theory on the cognitive developmental stages within children. It illustrates that The Child is not able to conserve and deduce logically that the quantities in both containers are indeed the same. Though the wordings and context were changed significantly to represent something that the child would understand fully, he did not seem to verify Donaldson and McGarrigle’s (1974) theory on the changes in response that could occur. Though a change in wording and context does enable The Child to understand the experiment better and answer the questions more effectively, the findings of this research illustrate that he is still unable to logically deduce the correct answer. However, the fact that this research was carried out on just one child, poses a severe limitation. Responses gotten from The Child, though reliable and valid, are not generalisable for all kids aged 6. It does not imply that all six-year-old kids in the vicinity, same school or even the same house, would give the same response. Another limitation pointed out by Schaffer and Kipp (2009) is that kids start an experiment with a predisposition that something is bound to change. When the researcher inquires about the content the second time, they believe that something must have changed for that question to be asked, thereby prompting their response. Though my research on wording and context did not necessarily disprove Piaget’s theories, I believe it does pose a significant opportunity as children seem to understand the situation better, and are more interested when the experiment is of interest to them. I therefore recommend further research with more children, using the procedures outlined in this study. Word Count: 1578 6.References Damon, W., and Lerner, R. M. (2006) Handbook of Child Psychology: Social, emotional and personality development, John Wiley and Sons, 1128pp Donaldson, M. and McGarrigle, J. (1974) Some clues to the nature of semantic development, Journal of Child Language, Vol. (1), p185-194 Horowitz, F. D. (1987) Exploring developmental theories: toward a structural / behavioral model of development, Routledge, 216pp Locke, D. C., and Ciechalski, J. C. (1995) Psychological techniques for teachers, Taylor Francis, 338pp Piaget, J. (1952). The Origins of Intelligence in Children, New York: International University Press. Piaget, J. (1972). Psychology and Epistemology: Towards a Theory of Knowledge. Penguin. Piaget, J. (2001) The Psychology of Intelligence, 2nd Edn Revised, Routledge, 203pp Schaffer, D. R., and Kipp, K. (2009) Developmental Psychology: Childhood and Adolescence, Cengage Learning, 647pp Smith, P. K., Cowie, H., and Blades, M. (2003) Understanding children’s development, Wiley-Blackwell, 663pp Vygotsky, L.S. (1978). Mind and society: The development of higher mental processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press How to cite Piaget’s Developmental Theory, Essay examples

Child Abuse Essay Writing Example For Students

Child Abuse Essay Writing Child abuse, the physical and/or emotional abuse of a child by a parent, guardian, or other person, is a major problem in homes across the United States. Child abuse, including sexual abuse, beating, and murder have increased in the U.S. and it is believed that a number of cases go unreported. Within child abuse comes neglect, which covers malnutrition, desertion, and inadequate care for a child. Efforts have increased on the primary prevention of child abuse. This must be started on many different levels before it can be successful. Prevention plans on a social level include increasing the economic self-sufficiency of families, discouraging corporal punishment and other forms of violence, making health care more accessible and affordable, expanding and improving coordination of social services, improving the identification and treatment of psychological problems, and alcohol and drug abuse, providing more affordable child care and preventing the birth of unwanted children. Prevention plans on the family level include helping parents meet their basic needs, identifying problems of substance abuse and spousal abuse, and educating parents about child behavior, discipline, safety, and development. Primary prevention is to prevent the disease before it happens and reduce the chances of child abuse or negligence from happening. Between 1985 and today child abuse cases have increased by more than fifty percent. More than thirty-five percent of which were confirmed. Each year one hundred and sixty thousand children are abused severely, even to life threatening extents. One thousand to two thousand children are killed resulting form child abuse. One of twenty murder victims is a child. Murder is the fourth leading cause of death in children from ages five to fourteen. The murder of a baby within the first twenty-four hours of life, Neonaticide, accounts for forty-five percent of childrens death. Most child abuse occurs in the home and is started by someone who is known and trusted by the child. Abuse in day care center and foster car settings are only a small part of confirmed cases, but are more widely publicized. In a household where spousal abuse takes place, child abuse is fifteen percent more likely to occur also. Children are three times more likely to be abused by father rather than mothers. Four major types of child abuse are neglect, which is fifty-four percent of reported cases of child abuse, physical abuse, which makes up twenty-five percent, sexual abuse, which is eleven percent and emotional which is three percent. Other ways of abuse make up another seven percent. There are many long-term consequences that children endure along with the physical and mental cruelty. Children may have to endure delays in reaching developmental milestones, refusal to attend school and separation anxiety disorders. Other consequences include an increased likelihood of future substance abuse, aggressive behaviors, high-risk health behaviors, criminal activity, depressive and affective disorders, personality disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, panic attacks, schizophrenia and abuse of their own children and spouse. For a proper development of the brain, the child should be shown a loving, caring, and stimulating environment during the first three years of the childs life. There are four major levels that can influence child abuse. One being the individual level, two the family, three the community, and four the society. The following factors are believed to be factors contributing to the development of physical and emotional abuse and neglect of children. Community/society parent related, high crime rate personal history of physical or sexual abuse, lack of or few social services, teenage parents, high poverty rate of parenting skills, high unemployment, rate of unwanted pregnancy, emotional immaturity, child-related poor coping skills, prematurely, low self-esteem, low birth weight, personal history of substance, handicap, history of known child abuse, domestic violence, and lack of preparation for extreme stress of having a new infant. .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d , .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d .postImageUrl , .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d , .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d:hover , .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d:visited , .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d:active { border:0!important; } .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d:active , .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u91df5e81d93c3939e5b882c112c6df0d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Importance of Arts in School Essay Large argument by many people is that our society does now really value its children. The argument is made on such things as the fact that one out of four children live in poverty, and many children do not have any kind of health insurance. Also the high levels of violence in society are thought to add to child abuse. Seventy-five of violence in the U.S. is domestic violence. Also contributing to high violence rates is the exposure to

Entrepreneurship Good for Economic Growth

Question: Discuss about the Entrepreneurship Good for Economic Growth. Answer: Introduction: The Saudi Arabian government and the micro and small enterprise business sector work in tandem in the dynamic ecosystem of Saudi Arabian economy. This collaboration has accelerated the economic growth rate of the Saudi Arabia saves to heightened growth and hence contribution of the micro and small enterprise business enterprises. Whereas the Saudi government establishes the rules, that establish as well as clarify the property rights to maintain inequality within the bounds as well as make the policies, relating to trade and investment, the micro and small enterprise have traded and invested greatly in the country (Zamberi Ahmad, 2012). The micro and small enterprise business sector is the predominantly private as well as spans via the gamut of the economic activity including manufacturing, agriculture, and services such as social services and trade. The micro and small enterprise businesses in the private sector have diverse types of market players including small enterprise, micro and medium businesses. The Saudi Arabias economy is that with efficient bureaucracy thereby accelerating and facilitating the entrepreneurship through the establishment of micro and small enterprises as well as providing the enabling environment for the citizens to realize their full potential. In so doing, the Saudi economy has enhanced the living standards as well as promoted the growth alongside shared prosperity through the micro and small enterprise business sector. Saudi Arabia adopts a criteria that uses number of workers and value of assets to define the micro and small enterprises (Zamberi Ahmad, 2012). Accordingly, following the recognition of the micro and small enterprise business rising contribution to the Gross Domestic Product and total employment to over fifty percent in the high-income economies, Saudi Arabia has dropped the perception of micro and small enterprise sector as merely a synthetic construction that targets predominantly political and social development, a view that featured gr eatly till late 1990s. The country currently follows more than a single definition of the micro and small enterprise based on number of employees and annual revenue. Accordingly, micro business category is defined by between 1 and 2 employees and with annual revenue of less than USD 27,000 whereas small enterprise category is defined by between three and 49 employees with USD of between 27,000 and 1.3 million. Nevertheless, the country acknowledges the need for a more clear and precise Kingdome-wide strategy for the micro and small enterprise with both single institution and definition (Zamberi Ahmad, 2012). The micro and small enterprise business remain heterogeneous class of businesses in Saudi Arabia. The micro and small enterprise in Saudi Arabia are of differing sizes, nature and can operate in various markets, including urban, local, national, rural as well as global markets. They are operating a gamut of business activities that range from a single artisan to a small enterprise engineering and software organization. The micro and small enterprise business in Saudi Arabia embody diverse levels of skills, sophistication, capital, as well as growth orientation. This kind of embodiment is based on the size as well as market served by micro and small enterprise businesses in Saudi Arabia. The economy has benefited from the micro and small enterprise business sector greatly on the basis of economic activity curbing the monopoly, entrepreneurial opportunities, absorbing modern economic fluctuations, innovation as well as employment. The micro and small enterprise business sector is presently accounting to ninety percent of the entire enterprises in Saudi Arabia. Accordingly, the micro and small enterprise business sector is currently providing valuable opportunities that have enhanced both diversity and productivity of the Saudi Arabias economy. The micro and small enterprise business have contributed over thirty-three percent to the Saudis economy, a figure that is greater than many of the countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) economic region. Due to the heightening significance of the micro and small enterprise businesses in Saudi Arabias economy, the government of Custodian of 2 Holy Mosques, King Salman Bin Abdulaziz, has embarked on initiatives to enhance, promote as well as develop the micro and small enterprise business sector in Saudi Arabia (Tuncalp, 2009).. This governments financial initiative has purposed to consider various mechanisms through which the micro and small enterprise businesses can be supported in the many fiscal as well as social variables which focus towards the imperative role that micro and small enterprise business play in the stimulation and development of the Saudi Arabias economy. The key enablers of Micro and Small enterprise Businesses in Saudi Arabia include strong regulatory environment, political stability as well as solid infrastructure in the country. The Micro and small enterprise in Saudi Arabia currently account for 90 percent of all the businesses in the country. They provide the country with valuable opportunities to enhance productivity as well as diversify the economy (Tuncalp, 2009).. The contribution of the Micro and small enterprise to the Growth Domestic Productive (GDP) is 30 percent. This percentage is higher than any other GCC economies. The increasing significance of the Micro and small enterprise in the Saudi Arabian economy has consequently triggered the government of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman Bin Abdulaziz to take initiatives to encourage as well as develop the Micro and small enterprise. The governments financial initiative purposes to regard the mechanisms of supporting the Micro and small enterprise in the various fiscal as well as social factors which focus towards the imperative role of Micro and small enterprise in stimulating as well as developing economies throughout the world. The key enablers of the Micro and small enterprise in Saudi Arabia include strong regulatory environment, political stability as well as solid infrastructure. Saudi Arabia defines micro as those enterprises with between one and two employees with annual revenue of less than $27,000. The micro and small enterprises are defined by Saudi Arabia as those with between 3 and 49 employees with between $27,000 and $1.3 million. Medium enterprises feature those firms with between 50 and 200 employees and $1.3 to $13.3 million. A clear kingdom-wide strategy for Micro and small enterprise is inevitable with solely one institution and one definition to understand the Micro and small enterprise in Saudi Arabia (Asad Sadi Henderson, 2011). The Micro and small enterprise business environment in Saudi Arabia has provided the understanding of the contribution of Micro and small enterprise business enterprise in this economy. They have remained the backbone of any successful as well as the sustainable economy, and Saudi is not exempted (Looney, 2004). The roots of Micro and small enterprise in Saudi Arabia is local but with the growing globalization and trade crossways the globe, Micro and small enterprise business in Saudi Arabia have exploited the global opportunities. They have a firm footing in Saudi Arabia due to the regions overall economic strategy which supports the diversification away from the oil sector. Micro and small enterprise business in Saudi accounts for 1.97 million (90%) of all the countrys businesses registered. They also account for 60% of the total Saudi Arabias employment. Over 85% of the Micro and small enterprise business in Saudi Arabia are single proprietor companies. The Micro and small enterprise business in Saud Arabia have remained the key to unlocking the broad potential of the economy of Saudi Arabia (Tuncalp, 2009). The sectoral distribution of Micro and small enterprise enterprises in the Saudi Arabian economy can help also acknowledge their contribution to the overall GDP growth of the country. The commercial and Hotel sector has the largest Micro and small enterprise business standing at 47% while the construction industry comes in a distance second at 27% of the Micro and small enterprise . Industrial, social services, and others account for 12%, 8% and 6% in that order (Ghanem, 2013). The Micro and small enterprise business in the Saudi Arabian economy are widely present in the private sector representing one of the fundamental pillars in the field of trade. Seventy-four percent of the Micro and small enterprise business enterprise in Saudi Arabia are involved in the trade as well as construction businesses which are followed by twelve percent in the industrial sector (Zamberi Ahmad, 2011). The Micro and small enterprise contribution to the GDP in Saudi Arabia presently pegs at 33% that is very low relative to the most developed economies as seen by 64.3% and 50% of the Spain and US GDPs respectively. Nevertheless, the contribution of Micro and small enterprise to the economy of Saudi Arabia has remained relatively higher in the GCC countries whereby Bahrain and Omans contributions to respective GDP are 28% and 14%. The KSAs Micro and small enterprise, have, however, gained from several initiatives by the government. A greater percentage of such Micro and small enterprise benefiting have risen by 28% to 1,497 businesses in 2014 against 1,173 businesses in 2013 (Acs, 2006). The Micro and small enterprise accounts for 4.5 million employees in Saudi Arabia comprising about 25% of the economys labor force. It is surprising that Micro and small enterprise employ mainly migrant workers since about 74% Micro and small enterprise are in construction and commercial sectors. The nationals of Saudi Arabia only account for less than ten percent of the total Micro and small enterprise employed labor (Zamberi Ahmad, 2012). Saudi Arabia has remained the home for over twenty-percent of the entire Micro and small enterprise in the region of Middle East and North Africa (MENA). It is the largest economy in GCC saves to the micro and small enterprise business. The Saud Arabias micro and small enterprise business is ranked number two after United States Emirates in terms development in the GCC. The average share of the micro and small enterprise business lending of total is three percent for Saudi Arabia that is greater than the average of GCC of two percent. Saudi Arabia has the greatest number of both private and public sector for the micro and small enterprise businesses support programs with the region of GCC. The cost of micro and medium business set up in Saudi Arabia is one-third contrasted with the average of the G20 economies. Therefore, micro and small enterprise business is a lucrative sector in Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Arabias government has engaged in a number of initiatives to bolster the micro and small enterprise business growth due to the immense contribution of the sector to the GDP growth of the country. The government has come up with the Tenth Development Plan capturing the period between 2015 and 2019. It has aimed at accelerating the creation of the specialized agency to be responsible for the growth of the micro and small enterprise business in the country via each of their stage of development (Zamberi Ahmad, 2011). The program has also aimed at ensuring the reliance of the micro and small enterprise business on Saudi nationals thereby contributing to the Saudization. The government is also using the Kafalah loan which is a loan-guarantee program. This program has issued a total of 10,892 guarantees for the micro and small enterprise business to acquire the loan thereby speeding up their investment. The construction sector of the micro and small enterprise business received the maximum guarantee in 2014 making up to sixty percent of the entire guarantees issued. The Riyadh was ranked the first with forty-nine percent of the total number of guarantees issued in 2014. The same year also saw the partaking banks tightening their loan lending regulations due to the obscure financial statements given by the micro and small enterprise business sector (Looney, 2004). The latest project called Taqeem has been launched by the Saudi Arabia government to help in the mitigation of the financial risk linked to micro and small enterprise business lending through the provision of the banks with the Probability of Default (PD) of a micro and small enterprise. There has been a promotion of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the micro and small enterprise business sector in Saudi Arabia by Saudi Arabia General Investment Authority (SAGIA). It has further arranged a strategic alliance with Japan th ereby bolstering a high-growth as well as innovative micro and small enterprise business sector (Ghanem, 2013). The Centennial Fund in partnership with Microsoft have served to nurture a knowledge-oriented growth in the Saudi economy based on sustainable model of development. This collaboration has assisted the expedition of the go-to market capacity of the micro and small enterprise business as well as promoted the Information Technology entrepreneurship (Tuncalp, 2009). Again, the Saudi Hollandi Bank, which is the recipient of the best micro and small enterprise bank award in 2014 in the MENA Region Award has already launched the customized training program thereby enabling the micro and small enterprise enterprises to better utilized its services. The micro and small enterprises have played a key role in the promotion of diversification, innovation and employment in Saudi Arabias economy. These businesses have been enhanced throughout GCC member countries. They have saved the country the need to over rely on hydrocarbons (Asad Sadi Henderson, 2011). The micro and small sector in Saudi Arabia has been highlighted in the development plan of the Kingdom in of 2010-2014 as the economic diversification growth. The country has remained keen to accelerate the micro and small enterprises role in the economy. Over the past few years, the government of Saudi Arabia has undertaken various constructive moves towards the growth of the micro and small business. It has focused on more extension or expansion of the amount of the micro and small businesses in contrast to the available gazelles that are poised to become internationally competitive as well as possess the power to diversify the Saudi Arabias economy. Nevertheless, the Saudi government has acknowledged the need for a broad based of assistance, including the capital, business services as well as training throughout the micro and small enterprise lifespan. The government has subsequently undertaken various initiatives to mitigate the challenges facing the micro and small enterprise sector. The government has provided nine fewer procedures to begin a new micro and small business compared to 2015. This has eliminated the rigorous bureaucratic procedures used before to set up a new micro and small business in Saudi Arabia. The government plans to further decrease the amount of rigorous procedure to make sure that it achieves the full potential of the micro and small enterprise (Al-Khaldi Wallace, 2009). The government has also used Kafalah, and Taqeem programs besides initiatives driven by SCSB to increase the participation of banks through the mitigation of respective apprehensions in lending to micro and small businesses hence increased access to finances. The government has also eliminated the lack of financial assistance throughout the micro and small business lifespan by bolstering the banks to offer steady, customized as well as ongoing support through Hollandi Bank that has invested in skilled labor force to promote the relationship banking with respective micro and small enterprises customers. Accordingly, the Saudi Arabian youths have proved their entrepreneurial bend and have taken the advantage of the government boost to compete on a global platform (Acs, 2006). Moreover, the government of Saudi Arabia is emulating the Japans micro and small enterprise growth strategy to sustain its historically hiked rates of growth as well as exploiting its individual economic resources. The micro and small enterprise are, therefore, striving to attain high growth as well as establish themselves as competitive businesses internationally. References Acs, Z. (2006). How is entrepreneurship good for economic growth?. Innovations, 1(1), 97-107. Al-Khaldi, M. A., Wallace, R. O. (2009). The influence of attitudes on personal computer utilization among knowledge workers: the case of Saudi Arabia. Information Management, 36(4), 185-204. Asad Sadi, M., Henderson, J. C. (2011). Franchising and small medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in industrializing economies: A Saudi Arabian perspective. Journal of Management Development, 30(4), 402-412. Ghanem, H. (2013). Role of Micro and Small Enterprises in Egypt's Economic Transition. Brookings. Looney, R. (2004). Development strategies for Saudi Arabia: Escaping the rentier state syndrome. Strategic Insights, 3(3), 6-18. Tuncalp, S. (2009). The marketing research scene in Saudi Arabia. European Journal of Marketing, 22(5), 15-22. Zamberi Ahmad, S. (2011). Evidence of the characteristics of women entrepreneurs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An empirical investigation. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 3(2), 123-143. Zamberi Ahmad, S. (2012). Micro, small and medium-sized enterprises development in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Problems and constraints. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 8(4), 217-232.